Friday 3 April 2015

A Brief History of Carnival Fortune Tellers

Buckland, R (2003). 'The Fortune-telling Book: The Encyclopedia of Divination and Soothsaying'. USA: Visible Ink Press.

For my final images of my (after) Mrs Laderman the main focus is on her escape into a realm of psychic escape in which she rebuilt her life as a part of the Carnival folk and through her spiritual awakening found herself a new family amongst the series of freaks who not only accepted her condition (Alopecia) but also encouraged her use of fortune telling abilities amongst the rest of the Carnival. In regards to constructing her visual appearance I wanted her to embody every element of the cliche gypsy psychic as seen within numerous forms of modern imagery as well as vintage photography of Circus environments. Even today the classic electronic gypsy fortune teller booths remains a fun feature of the joys of attending a carnival and therefore it is visible just how much of a crucial element the physic is to the 'Freak show'. To fully develop my styling of my Mrs Laderman I feel it would be valuable to look briefly at the history of Fortune Telling as well as imagery to discover how the cliche of the fortune teller was created, but also how I can use this concept to create my Mrs Laderman. 

What is Fortune Telling?
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'Fortune Telling' is the skill of using spiritual communication to information a client about personal elements of their lives, this can include advising them on the future and communicating with passed loved ones. The concept of fortune-telling is another form of an ancient witchcraft practice of divination, the difference between the two however is that divination in connection with paganism and witchcraft is used for predictions considered part of a spiritual experience as opposed to a modern use for the skill to be associated with divination for profit. 
The history of fortune-telling comes from a long history of pre-Christian and Renaissance magic, specifically associated with gypsies or Romanian travellers. Which during the 19th and 20th century became key specialists, and unfortunately sometimes con artists, using a public curiosity for spiritual connection for a means of financial gain. This was not obviously true for every form of gypsy psychic and many still maintained the original concept of a religious experience being gained from the process, however in connection with Circuses and the cliche 'gypsy traveller' this concept has been manipulated and changed. Common methods used for fortune telling amounts the Western world include astrology, pendulum reading, ouija boards, tea leaves, tarot reading, crystal ball gazing, and palmistry. The last three in particular having consistent associations in the popular culture with the Romani gypsies therefore leading to this modern cliche of the gypsy physics in her head scarf, beads and heavy makeup. 

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